Modern Languages and Literatures

Courses offered by the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures include French, German, Spanish, Japanese and Linguistics. Linguistics, and most culture courses are offered in English. Students can also benefit from our study-abroad programs in France, Germany, Spain and Japan. The courses offered in each of these disciplines, as well as the Majors, Minors and Honours programs available, are outlined under each discipline heading. An interdisciplinary Major and Honours in Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures are also offered, as outlined in this section.

Students who plan to specialize in one or more languages by electing a Minor, Major, or Honours program should declare their specialization to the Office of Student Services by the end of their first year of University studies. They should also visit the program advisor in the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures before registering for second year, since most programs require the advisor's approval of optional courses.

COURSE ROTATION

All Culture and Literature courses in the Department are rotated in a two-year cycle.

PLACEMENT

Beginning language courses (German 1000, Spanish 1100 and Japanese 1000) are designed for students who either have never studied the language previously or have had minimal experience with the language. All students with high school, post-secondary, or non-academic exposure to these languages must consult with the program advisor for that language about placement and may be asked to write a diagnostic placement test if the level of competence in the language cannot be readily established. The results of the consultation and testing will be used to place the students in the proper course level.

Placement of students in their first French course will be decided on the basis of a French Language Skills Assessment given by the Department. All students who have not studied French at Mount Allison previously must complete this assessment before registering for a course in French. The Skills Assessment is available on-line at <http://www.mta.ca/frenchplacement/> . Alternatively, a paper copy may be obtained by mail or fax from the Secretary of the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures, (506) 364-2478. Students completing Majors, Minors, or Honours programs in French should be aware that any exemptions from 1/2000 level courses obtained through the placement process must be replaced on their programs by credits in French at the 3000-4000 levels.

For all language courses offered in the Department, if within the first seven class hours it becomes apparent that the initial placement was inappropriate, the student or the instructor may request a meeting with the department head to discuss the appropriateness of the student moving to a higher or lower level.

FRENCH STUDIES

Mount Allison offers an extensive French Studies program, within the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures, with a variety of language, literature and culture courses which increase the students' awareness of the French and French-Canadian identities while developing their ability to function in the second language. To this end, all language and literature courses are taught in French.

The courses at the first and second year levels provide the opportunity to establish a sound foundation in oral and written French. The study of grammar at these levels is reinforced by practice in the language laboratory or tutorial groups. Several of the courses at the 3000 and 4000 levels are specifically intended to refine the students' command of spoken and written French, while the other courses deal with the various areas of French and French-Canadian literatures and cultures as well as the theories of literary criticism. A series of prizes are awarded each year to students who distinguish themselves in French Studies.

The Department sponsors other programs and activities which support and enrich the course program:

Le Cercle français
Guest speakers
Tintamarre, a bilingual theatrical troupe
La Maison française (a French-language residence)
Study Abroad Program at Université de Strasbourg, France
Certificate of Bilingualism (see Section H under Degrees and Certificates)

Language of Instruction and Assignments

Most courses in the French curriculum are generally delivered in French alone, and all assignments, both oral and written, are to be completed in French. French 2201 (Cinéma du monde francophone), however, offers students the option of completing written work in English. The following culture courses are delivered in English alone: French 1801, French 1811, French 2841.

Minimum standard in French for certain courses

While there is no course prerequisite for French 2201, there is a minimum standard of competency in French required for admission to the course. Anyone wishing to register in French 2201 must complete a French Skills Assessment at <http://www.mta.ca/frenchplacement> and demonstrate a knowledge of French equivalent to completion of French 1700 (placement in French 2401). In the case of French 3841 permission of the Department in lieu of the normal prerequisite (French 2601) will be granted only to advanced students in other disciplines who demonstrate a knowledge of French equivalent to completion of French 2501, i.e. placement in a 3000 or 4000 language class.

Disciplinary B.A. Programs

Important note for advanced students: anyone who has completed French 2401 or who has been placed in French 2501 is encouraged to enrol in French 2501 and 2601 concurrently.

MINOR in French is 24 credits earned as follows:

0 to 6	French 1700, if required by placement
9	French 2401, 2501, 2601
3	French 3101
6 to 12	from French courses at the 3/4000 level

Note: French 2801 may only be included in the requirements for a minor if French 1700 is not required by placement. If an exemption is granted from any of the language courses, replacement credits must be obtained in other French courses at the 3/4000 level.

MAJOR in French is 60 credits earned as follows:

9	from French 2401, 2501, 2601
3	from French 1801, 1811, 2801 or 2841
12	from French 3101, 3111, 3131, 4001, 4011
3	from French 3201, 3301, 3401, 3411
3	from French 3501, 3511, 3601, 3611, 3621
3	from French 3711, 3741, 3771
3	from French 3801, 3811, 3821, 3841, 3851, 3861
6	from French literature at the 3000/4000 levels not already chosen
18	from complementary courses in French; Modern Languages, Literatures or Cultures; Linguistics; Arts & Letters and/or Humanities, including French 1700, if required by placement, French 1801, 1811, 2801 and 2841; History 1661 is especially recommended

Note: All complementary courses from disciplines outside the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures (with the exception of History 1661) must be chosen in consultation with the Program Advisor prior to enrollment in them.

HONOURS in French is 69 credits earned as follows:

6	from French 1801, 1811, 2801, 2841
9	French 2401, 2501, 2601
15	from French 3101, 3111, 3131, 4001, 4011
3	from French 3201 or 3301
3	from French 3401 or 3411
3	from French 3501 or 3511
3	from French 3601 or 3611 or 3621
3	from French 3711, 3741, 3771
3	French 3801
3	from French 3811, 3821, 3841, 3851, 3861
6	from French literature at the 3000/4000 levels not already chosen
6	French 4990 (Mémoire)
6	from French at the 3/4000 level and Linguistics, chosen in consultation with the Program Advisor
	In addition, Hist 1661 is highly recommended as an elective.

Note: A major in Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures (French, German, Spanish and Japanese), is also available.

FRENCH COURSES

Note: The listing of a course in the calendar is not a guarantee that the course is offered every year.

Note: Students must obtain a grade of at least C- in all courses used to fulfill prerequisite requirements. Otherwise, written permission of the appropriate Department or Program Coordinator must be obtained.

FREN 1001 (3CR)
ELEMENTARY FRENCH I
Format: lecture/workshop 3 hours
Exclusion: FREN 1100, 2100
Note: This course is offered through the Department of Continuous Learning only, in evenings or in the Spring-Summer term. It is not available in the day sessions during the Fall and Winter terms.
This course is intended for students with little or no background in French. Its objective is to help students develop some proficiency in each of the four skill areas: listening, speaking, reading, and writing. It will take a traditional approach with an emphasis on elementary grammar, forms of words and systematic vocabulary building. Each class will make use of the grammar studied to practice all four skill groups through individual and group activities.

FREN 1011 (3CR)
ELEMENTARY FRENCH II
Format: lecture/workshop, 3 hours
Prereq: FREN 1001
Exclusion: FREN 1100, 2100
Note: This course is offered through the Department of Continuous Learning only, in evenings or in the Spring-Summer term. It is not available in the day sessions during the Fall and Winter terms.
This course is a continuation of FREN 1001 and will use the same methods and approach; it will focus on building more familiarity with the grammar, forms and syntax of basic French.

FREN 1651 (3CR)
PREPARATORY FRENCH / FRANÇAIS PRÉPARATOIRE
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
Prereq: Placement by the Department. A minimum standard of achievement on the French Skills Assessment is required.
Exclusion: FREN 1600
Note: Students completing FREN 1651 may continue into FREN 1700.
This one-semester French grammar course - designed for non-francophones who did not complete High School French - is an intensive review of basic grammatical structures with a particular emphasis on verb conjugation, pronouns, adjectives and syntax. Three class periods per week plus a fourth hour to be arranged after classes have begun. Instruction will be in French.

FREN 1671 (3CR)
ENGAGING WITH SCIENCE: CRITICAL COMMUNICATION IN FRENCH/ LA SCIENCE ENGAGÉE: COMMUNICATION ET CRITIQUE
Format: Lecture/Workshop 3 Hours
Prereq: Placement by the Department in French 1700 or higher.
This is a functional French course designed for students who have some proficiency in the language. Its goal, beyond mere maintenance of French skills, is to give students with an interest in sciences linguistic strategies adapted to expressing coherent and convincing opinions on scientific issues in French. Students will be exposed to a range of French documents dealing with a variety of themes. These may include the history, conventions and limits of scientific inquiry, the representation of the scientific tradition as well as contemporary ethical and social problems confronting the scientific establishment. This course offers a means to ensure that linguistic skills acquired in a secondary setting can be extended to recently acquired academic training.

FREN 1700 (6CR)
INTERMEDIATE FRENCH / FRANÇAIS INTERMÉDIAIRE
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
Prereq: Placement by the Department
An intensive approach to the development of communication skills through the integration of grammar study, writing practice, and oral exercises. The study of written and oral language will be reinforced by analysis and discussion of readings. Three class periods per week, plus a fourth hour to be arranged after classes have begun. Instruction will be in French.

FREN 1801 (3CR)
PARIS, CITY LIGHT / PARIS, VILLE LUMIÈRE
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Note: Language of instruction is English
This course is designed to introduce students, through a series of literary and cultural snapshots, to elements which define the essence of Paris. Using multimedia presentations of the Parisian cultural landscape and a broadly interdisciplinary perspective, lectures explore the development of a vibrant and unique urban centre which has always been a magnet for creative minds and cultural fervour. Drawings, engravings, paintings, maps, texts, songs and film will be used to investigate what is perceived as the singularity, timelessness and seductive appeal of Paris.

FREN 1811 (3CR)
CULTURAL ASPECTS OF MODERN QUEBEC / ASPECTS CULTURELS DU QUÉBEC MODERNE
Format: Lecture 3 hours
Note: Language of instruction is English
Consideration of some of the issues and debates that help us to understand modern and contemporary Quebec, its history, society and culture, its specificity and its diversity, its changing nature and its place in the modern world.

FREN 2401 (3CR)
READING AND WRITING FRENCH I / LANGUE ET LECTURES I
Format: Lecture 3 Hours, Laboratory 1 Hour
Prereq: FREN 1700; or placement by the Department
Exclusion: any version of FREN 2401 previously offered with a different title
This course requires that students already have a good command of the fundamental aspects of French in both its spoken and written forms. Its objectives are: to improve expression through the study and practice of appropriate sentence structures, such as sequence of past tenses, pronouns as complements, relative clauses, subordinate constructions requiring the subjunctive; to improve reading and analytical skills by examining and discussing texts that raise important and controversial issues; to practice oral expression. Three class periods per week, plus a fourth hour to be arranged after classes have begun.

FREN 2501 (3CR)
READING AND WRITING FRENCH II / LANGUES ET LECTURES II
Format: Lecture 3 Hours, Tutorial 1 Hour
Prereq: FREN 2401; or placement by the Department
Exclusion: any version of FREN 2501 previously offered with a different title
Note: Students planning to minor or major in French are encouraged to take FREN 2501 and FREN 2601 concurrently. When FREN 2501 and 2601 are taken concurrently, a C- in both courses is required for entry into 3000-level French literature and culture courses.
This course is the continuation of FREN 2401. Its objectives are to further develop reading strategies, to build vocabulary, to continue to improve the formulation of complex sentences by using a variety of coordinating/subordinating conjunctions. It also provides practice in writing longer compositions with emphasis on compositional techniques such as outline, structure, and transitions.

FREN 2601 (3CR)
FUNDAMENTALS OF LITERARY ANALYSIS / INITIATION À L'ANALYSE LITTÉRAIRE
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: Prereq or Coreq: FREN 2501; or permission of the Department
Note: students planning to minor or major in French are encouraged to take FREN 2501 and FREN 2601 concurrently. When FREN 2501 and 2601 are taken concurrently, a C- in both courses is required for entry into 3000-level French literature and culture courses.
This course continues the studies begun in French 2401 and FREN 2501 by further developing skills in reading and interpretation of literary and cultural texts. It provides an introduction to textual analysis through selected critical approaches.

FREN 2801 (3CR)
FILM FROM THE FRENCH AND FRANCOPHONE WORLD / CINÉMA DU MONDE FRANCOPHONE
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 1700; or equivalent by placement
Exclusion: FREN 2201
A study of films and film makers of the French-speaking world, ranging from screen adaptations of literary works to an exploration of cultural issues, and an introduction to film theory and aesthetics. This course is taught in French. Written work may be submitted in English.

FREN 2841 (3CR)
CULTURAL ASPECTS OF CONTEMPORARY FRANCE / ASPECTS CULTURELS DE LA FRANCE CONTEMPORAINE
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Exclusion: FREN 2851, any version of FREN 2841 previously offered with a different title
Note: Language of instruction is English
Consideration of some of the issues and debates that help us to understand French culture, its diversity, its changing nature and its place in the modern world. Although some attention is paid to French politics and society, the primary goal of the course is to explore the multitude of voices that both define and divide modern France.

FREN 3000 SERIES ()

Prereq: FREN 2501 for 3101 and 3151; FREN 2601 for literature or culture courses (3201 through 3881); or permission of the Department

FREN 3101 (3CR)
ADVANCED WRITTEN FRENCH I / LE FRANÇAIS ÉCRIT AVANCÉ I
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: FREN 2501; or permission of the Department
Intensive review of French grammar with particular attention to features of special difficulty for anglophones. Practice in both grammatical structures and idiomatic usage.

FREN 3111 (3CR)
ADVANCED WRITTEN FRENCH II / LE FRANÇAIS ÉCRIT AVANCÉ II
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: FREN 3101; or permission of the Department
Writing practice and composition; the idiomatic use of French in a variety of contexts: informal prose, expository writing, technical language, literary language. Vocabulary and style exercises.

FREN 3131 (3CR)
ADVANCED ORAL FRENCH / FRANÇAIS ORAL AVANCÉ
Format: Lecture/Workshop 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: FREN 3151, 3161
Note: This course is open to students studying French as a second language.
This course is designed for students at the advanced level who aim to speak French with enhanced clarity, spontaneity and colour. It offers a systematic study of phonological and prosodic features of French. By exposing students to a variety of authentic audio-visual documents from Francophone parts of the world, the course targets acquisition of vocabulary, improvement of aural comprehension and the developement of communicative strategies through a variety of situations such as conversations, debates, interviews, and presentations.

FREN 3201 (3CR)
MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE LITERATURE / MOYEN-ÂGE ET RENAISSANCE
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: any version of FREN 3201 previously offered with a different title
Selected works from the 11th to the 16th centuries representative of diverse traditions chosen from epic poetry, novel, lyric poetry, fabliaux, satire and plays.

FREN 3301 (3CR)
THE AGE OF LOUIS XIV / L'ÉPOQUE DE LOUIS XIV
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: FREN 3321, FREN 3371
Selected works from great writers of the seventeenth century representative of different genre; theatre, poetry, fables, novels or other types of prose texts.

FREN 3401 (3CR)
THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT / LE SIÈCLE DES LUMIÈRES
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: FREN 3421, any version of FREN 3401 previously offered with a different title
The eighteenth century in France was a period of intense and stimulating intellectual turmoil, part of the European phenomenon known as the Enlightenment - a revolution in moral, political, and religious ideas. Through a study of canonical and non canonical texts of the period, this course aims to sensitize students to the interests and preoccupations of a society trying to redefine itself in the background of significant cultural, intellectual and social developements.

FREN 3411 (3CR)
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION, BEFORE AND AFTER / LA RÉVOLUTION FRANÇAISE, AVANT ET APRÈS
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
The French Revolution is the pivotal event of European history in the eighteenth century which led to the radical transformation of social values and political systems. The event left a permanent mark on the cultural imagination and collective memory of the Old and New Worlds. The aim of this course is to explore the ways in which the French Revolution transformed culture and society through a study of key texts that are essentially of a literary or journalistic nature.

FREN 3501 (3CR)
THE AGE OF ROMANTICISM / L'ÉPOQUE DU ROMANTISME
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: any version of FREN 3501 previously offered with a different title
Study of French literary and cultural texts representative of the first part of the nineteenth century. The widespread influence of the Romantic movement will be examined by exploring its expression in a variety of textual forms selected from poetry, theatre, tales, historical essays, letters, speeches and novels.

FREN 3511 (3CR)
THE AGE OF NATURALISM / L'ÉPOQUE DU NATURALISME
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: FREN 3521
Study of French literacy and cultural texts representative of the last part of the nineteenth century. The influence of movements like Realism, Naturalism, Symbolism and Decadentism will be examined through a variety of textual forms selected from poetry, short stories, literary essays, letters, novels and theatre.

FREN 3601 (3CR)
EARLY TWENTIETH-CENTURY FRANCE / LE DÉBUT DU VINGTIÈME SIÈCLE
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: any version of FREN 3601 previously offered with a different title
From modernism to surrealism to the precursors of existentialism, a study of literary movements and cultural forms in France through representative works from the beginning of the twentieth century until World War II.

FREN 3611 (3CR)
EXISTENTIALISM AND AFTER / EXISTENTIALISME ET APRÈS
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: any version of FREN 3611 previously offered with a different title
From existentialist realism to the 'nouveau roman' to the post-modern, a study of literary movements and cultural forms in France through representative works from the post-war period.

FREN 3621 (3CR)
NEW WRITING, NEW VOICES / NOUVELLES ÉCRITURES, VOIX NOUVELLES
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion:
Study of contemporary literary and cultural production in French (outside Canada) with a focus on new and emerging writers.

FREN 3711 (3CR)
FRENCH-CANADIAN NOVEL / ROMAN DU CANADA FRANÇAIS
Format: Lecture 3 hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: any version of FREN 3711 previously offered with a different title
Study of the main currents in the French Canadian and especially the Quebec novel during the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries.

FREN 3741 (3CR)
ACADIE: PAST AND PRESENT / L'ACADIE: DE L'EMPREMIER À NOS JOURS
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: FREN 3831
This course offers a survey of Acadie, its history, culture and language, and especially of its literature. Of central importance will be the study of Acadian identity, as defined by the often contradictory concepts of tradition, assimilation, resistance and marginalisation. Materials will include literary and non-literary texts, music, film, and electronic resources.

FREN 3771 (3CR)
FRENCH-CANADIAN THEATRE / THÉÂTRE DU CANADA FRANÇAIS
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Study of the principal currents and works of the theatre of French Canada.

FREN 3801 (3CR)
FRENCH LITERARY CRITICISM / CRITIQUE LITTÉRAIRE FRANÇAISE
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 AND FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
An introduction to the principal methods of modern and contemporary French literary criticism. The course includes representative approaches from among structuralism, semiotics, psychoanalysis, speech-act theory, feminism, and deconstruction.

FREN 3811 (3CR)
WORD AND IMAGE / TEXTE ET IMAGE
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Different yet inseparable, words and images have always interacted with each other in a variety of ways and forms (i.e. verbal portraiture, literary references to pictoral works, engravings and photographs used as illustrations or book covers, and the use of words in paintings). Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this course explores the intersection of verbal texts and visual arts in Francophone literature and culture from the Middle Ages to the twenty-first century.

FREN 3821 (3CR)
WRITING IN THE FEMININE / ÉCRITURES AU FÉMININ
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: any version of FREN 3821 previously offered with a different title
Study of key concepts of feminist theories and of works by women writers of French expression. The focus, determined by the instructor, may be as narrow as works from one geographical region written during a well defined and limited time frame or as broad as a comparative study of works from different time periods and different geographical areas.

FREN 3841 (3CR)
CRITICAL STUDIES IN FRANCOPHONE CULTURE / CULTURES FRANCOPHONES: ÉTUDES CRITIQUES
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
Critical analysis from a Cultural Studies perspective of cultural identities in France and the French-speaking world. Readings will include literary and non-literary texts, both canonical and non-canonical, representing domains as diverse as history, politics, philosophy, popular culture and the popular press.

FREN 3851 (3CR)
TEXTUAL REPRESENTATIONS OF WOMEN / REPRÉSENTATIONS DES FEMMES A TRAVERS LES SIÈCLES
Format: Lecture 3 Hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
This course examines how women have been represented in literary and cultural texts from the Middle Ages to the present. The focus, determined by the instructor, may be on women's changing representations in France and their socio-historical contexts throughout the centuries, or it may include works chosen from the broader field of la Francophonie. The course may concentrate on some important literary figures and their texts, compare female representations by women with those by men or explore certain themes such as women and the body, women and social issues (such as women's rights, women and work, women and politics), or women and marginality.

FREN 3861 (3CR)
PORTRAITS OF THE ARTIST IN QUÉBECOIS LITERATURE/PORTRAITS DE L'ARTISTE DANS LA LITTÉRATURE QUÉBECOIS
Format: Lecture 3 hours
Prereq: FREN 2501 and FREN 2601; or permission of the Department
By examining characters of painters, writers and musicians in a selection of literary works from Québec, this course explores how literature can offer theories of creation and demonstrates why contemporary Québecois texts lend themselves particularly well to such a study. Furthermore, the course familiarizes students with concepts such as intertextuality, intermediality, portraiture, self- representation, and theories of character in fiction.

FREN 4001 (3CR)
STYLISTICS / STYLISTIQUE
Format: Lecture 3 hours
Prereq: FREN 3111; or permission of the Department
An advanced study of written French, concentrating on the following: the peculiarities of French style, the nature of idiomatic expression and levels of language, "faux amis" and Canadianisms. Written exercises are required on a regular basis.

FREN 4011 (3CR)
BASIC PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATION /TECHNIQUES DE LA TRADUCTION ÉLÉMENTAIRE
Format: Lecture/Workshop 3 hours
Prereq: FREN 3111; or permission of the Department
Exclusion: any version of FREN 4011 previously offered with a different title
The course includes detailed study and written exercises dealing with the following: comparative stylistics (French/English), technical problems of translation, literal translation, transposition and equivalence. Written exercises in both translation and composition are required.

FREN 4951 (3CR)
INDEPENDENT STUDY / ÉTUDE INDÉPENDANTE
Format: Independent Study
Prereq: five courses in French literature and/or culture (completed or in progress) at the 3000 level and permission of the Department
This course is intended for fourth-year students who have taken all possible, regularly scheduled, 3000-level literature and culture courses or who require replacement courses for the 3000-level and/or 4000-level French language courses subsequent to advanced placement. The student will propose a well-defined literary or cultural subject to the appropriate Faculty Member who will direct and supervise the work.

FREN 4990 (6CR)
MÉMOIRE
Format: Independent Study/Essay
Prereq: Permission of the Department
(Honours Essay) The subject and program of research will be established at the end of the student's third year, and submitted for approval to the Department. The essay must show evidence of scholarly investigation and will be written in French.

GERMAN STUDIES

The German language is spoken by approximately 120 million people in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg and Liechtenstein, and by more than one million Canadians. German is one of the official languages of the European Union and is the second most widely used foreign language in Europe, including Eastern Europe.

German has a long tradition at Mount Allison University, having been taught here at least since 1870. Today, Mount Allison offers a small but comprehensive and rigorous program in German Language, Literature and Culture within the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures. Students may select courses and programs from beginners' language courses to various Minor, Major, or Honours combinations.

Students graduating with a minor or major in German will be prepared for several types of jobs, such as teaching, translating and interpreting, or careers in External Affairs and International Trade and various government agencies and NGOs, the news media, publishers, airlines, shipping companies and firms involved in international trade, to name a few. In many other professions, knowledge of German is an asset.

LANGUAGE COURSES

The German language program is designed to impart to the student a good working knowledge of German. Students will also gain insight into the culture and mode of life of the German-speaking countries. In addition, as experience shows, students of foreign languages generally show significant improvement in their primary language skills.

LITERATURE COURSES

German literature is rich and varied. While the program presents an overall picture of German literature, particular emphasis is placed on representative authors and movements. The language of instruction in all courses at the 3000 and 4000 level is German.

Programs and Activities

The Department sponsors other programs and activities which support and enrich the course program:

Der Deutsche Klub, a student-run club which supplements the academic programs.

Das Deutsche Haus, the German-language section of the language house, when there is sufficient interest.

Tübingen Exchange, between Mount Allison University and the Universität Tübingen which permits students to complete an academic year abroad.

Students are encouraged to participate in various programs which allow them to spend some part of the year in Germany, on scholarships, working, or enrolled in a summer school, such as German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) <http://www.DAAD.org/> , Work-Student-Program, Canadian Summer School in Kassel/German. <http://www.uvic.ca/german/cssg/> .

Disciplinary B.A. Programs

MINOR in German is 24 credits earned as follows:

18	from German 1000, 2000, 3000
3	from German 3/4000 level literature courses
3	from German 2101, 2701, 2811 and German 3/4000 level literature courses, chosen in consultation with the Program Advisor

MAJOR in German is 60 credits earned as follows:

18	from German 1000, 2000, 3000
3 to 6	from German 2101, 2701, 2811
18 to 21	from German 3/4000 level literature courses
18	from complementary courses in Arts and Letters and Humanities, chosen in consultation with the Program Advisor

HONOURS in German is 72 credits earned as follows:

42	credits as in the first three lines of the Major, plus:
12	from the second and fourth lines of the Major
18	from German 4030, 4950/4951, 4990, chosen in consultation with the Program Advisor

Note: A major in Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures (French, German, Spanish, and Japanese), is also available.

SUMMER PROGRAMS IN GERMANY

There is a possibility of taking summer courses for credit in Germany at the second, third and fourth year levels. Students interested should contact the Modern Languages and Literature Department before Christmas. Prereq: GERM 1000

GERMAN COURSES

Note: The listing of a course in the calendar is not a guarantee that the course is offered every year.

GERM 1000 (6CR)
ELEMENTARY GERMAN
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
An intensive course designed for students with no previous knowledge of German. Acquisition of basic proficiency in comprehension, speaking, reading, and writing. Three class periods and one period of oral practice in the language laboratory to be arranged after classes have begun.

GERM 2000 (6CR)
INTERMEDIATE GERMAN
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
Prereq: GERM 1000; or permission of the Department. Students entering from high school with advanced credit should see the Department before enrolling.
Review of grammar and syntax. Expansion of vocabulary to about 2000 words. Composition and conversation. Introduction to literary analysis. Three class periods, and one discussion/practice period to be arranged after classes have begun.

GERM 2101 (3CR)
GERMAN IN CONTEXT:LANGUAGE AND CULTURE
Format: Field Course
Prereq: GERM 1000 and permission of the Department.
Note: This course is only available to students through the Department of Continuous Learning during the Spring/Summer term. Enrollment is limited and students should be aware of the additional costs of travel and participation fees.
This course entails the study of the German language in its socio-cultural context. Offered in a major German city over a period of three weeks, it integrates classroom instruction and language practice with a significant componenet of daily investigative field work in socio-cultural venues.

GERM 2701 (3CR)
THE NEW GERMAN FILM: HISTORY, THEORY, AND PRACTICE. A REVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GERMAN CINEMA AFTER WWII
Format: lecture 3 hours, film screening 2.5 hours
After a brief history of German film making from its beginnings, and a discussion of the "grammar of film", the course follows the development of the New German Cinema after 1945, examining selected works against the social, economic, and political background. The course will be conducted as a lecture/seminar course, with screenings and discussions of relevant films (screen/video). Language of instruction: English.

GERM 2811 (3CR)
TURN-OF-THE-CENTURY VIENNA
Format: lecture 3 hours
Note: Language of instruction is English
This course will investigate the cultural and social framework of turn-of-the-century Vienna, from approximately 1890 to 1914. It explores the rich intellectual climate that provided the basis for modernity (and decadence) in central Europe by approaching the period in an interdisciplinary fashion and by tracing developments in such diverse fields as literature, music, architecture and psychoanalysis.

GERM 3000 (6CR)
ADVANCED GERMAN
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
Prereq: GERM 2000; or permission of the Department
Advanced grammar and syntax, further expansion of the active vocabulary, introduction to stylistics. Frequent compositions and oral reports. Three class periods, and one discussion/practice period to be arranged after classes have begun.

GERM 3101 (3CR)
ROMANTIC POETRY
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: GERM 2000; or permission of the Department
This course will place its main emphasis on the genre of romantic poetry and poetics, including German Lieder, to show the close relationship between music and literature of the period. Also the continuation of Romantic concepts of poetry within the twentieth century will be examined. This course is also designed to develop students' reading and writing ability in German. Special emphasis will be placed on oral skills by frequent poetry reading.

GERM 3111 (3CR)
ROMANTIC PROSE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: GERM 2000; or permission of the Department
Representative works of the romantic period in German literature, including short stories, Märchen and dramas will be read. Wherever possible, contemporary works of other European literatures will be drawn on so that a definition of Romanticism in its European context will emerge. This course is also designed to develop students' reading and writing ability as well as aural and oral skills through frequent discussions.

GERM 3211 (3CR)
NINETEENTH-CENTURY GERMAN LITERATURE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: GERM 2000; or permission of the Department
Representative works of "Biedermeier" and poetic realism will be examined as a reaction to earlier German idealistic literature and as a reflection of a more scientific, objective view of the world. The more radical realism of "Naturalismus" toward the end of the 19th century will be contrasted to the symbolistic movement, impressionism and neo-romanticism. This course will also expose students to various approaches to literary interpretations as well as develop their reading, aural and oral skills in German.

GERM 3221 (3CR)
EARLY TWENTIETH-CENTURY GERMAN LITERATURE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: GERM 2000; or permission of the Department
This course traces German literature as a reflection of political, sociological, economic, and scientific developments from a period of optimism before World War I to the turbulent twenties, through years of oppression during the Third Reich to the immediate post-war period dominated by attempts to come to terms with Germany's war-time experiences. This course is also designed to develop the students' reading, aural, and oral skills in German.

GERM 3231 (3CR)
MODERN GERMAN LITERATURE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: GERM 2000; or permission of the Department
Selected works of writers from German-speaking countries will be read. These works will reflect on the partition of Germany after World War II into politically opposing camps, the economic miracle in West Germany with its social implications, and the continued pre-occupation of a united Germany with its fascist and communist past. This course is designed to develop the student's reading ability and aural and oral skills in German.

GERM 3301 (3CR)
ENLIGHTENMENT LITERATURE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: GERM 2000; or permission of the Department
A study of representative works of those authors who helped shape the period generally known as the German Enlightenment, the first age in German cultural history which recognized the instrumental role people can play in determining their own destiny in this world (cf. Kant's definition of "Aufklärung"). Authors to be studied include Brockes, Haller, Gellert, Lessing, and Wieland.

GERM 3311 (3CR)
LITERATURE OF THE LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: GERM 2000; or permission of the Department
It is the aim of this course to demonstrate the underlying unity in the varied patterns which constitute this period. Terms such as Empfindsamkeit and Sturm und Drang will all be shown to be contributing to, and be manifestations of, the complex nature of Enlightenment from which German Classicism, Romanticism and Realism emerge as resulting alternatives. Authors to be studied include Lenz, Herder and the young Goethe and Schiller.

GERM 4030 (6CR)
GOETHE AND SCHILLER
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: Six 3000 level German credits; or permission of the Department
A close reading of major works of Goethe and Schiller. The course traces the intellectual and literary development in Germany from the Storm and Stress period of the young Goethe to German Classicism which coincides with the friendship and interaction between Goethe and Schiller. In addition to several dramas by both authors, their major poems will be discussed. The last eight weeks or so will be devoted to a close study of Faust I and II. The course will be conducted as a seminar involving class discussion and lectures. Two essays and two examinations will be required.

GERM 4950/4951 (6/3CR)
INDEPENDENT STUDY
Format: independent study
Prereq: Permission of the Department
Note: In any year when GERM 2101 is being offered in Germany, senior students whose German skills are more advanced may receive permission to go to Germany with the group to complete GERM 4951. This option is only available to students through the Department of Continuous Learning during the Spring/Summer term. Students should be aware of the additional costs of travel and participation fees.
This independent study is designed to allow the student to carry out a comprehensive exploration of individual authors, literary themes, or some artistic, cultural, political, or social institution or phenomenon. The content of the course must be approved by the Department and arrangements made during the preceding academic term.

GERM 4990 (6CR)
HONOURS ESSAY
Format: independent study/essay
Prereq: Six 3000 level German credits; or permission of the Department
The subject and program of research must be submitted to the Department for approval, normally at the end of the student's third year; and the candidate is to be directly responsible to a supervisor and the Department. The essay must be written in German.

HISPANIC STUDIES

Spanish is one of the most widely spoken languages of the western world and is an official language of the United Nations' Organization. Canada's interest in the Spanish-speaking world is reflected in organizations such as CIDA, CUSO, WUSC and the Canadian Association of Latin-American Studies.

Courses in Spanish, offered within the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures, offer the student a two-fold goal: the first, to learn to speak, understand, read and write this important language - particular attention is directed towards the students' achieving oral-aural proficiency, both in class and in the language laboratory; the second, to become familiar with the culture of the Hispanic world through study of its literary and artistic works. Prizes are offered by the Department for excellence in Spanish Studies.

The study of Spanish can be very important in preparing for a career in the diplomatic corps, various international agencies, teaching, translation, journalism, publishing, and commercial and cultural relations between Canada and Spanish-speaking countries.

The Department supports other programs and activities which enrich the course program. These include Club Hispanico, a film series, Casa Hispana (the Spanish-language section of the language house, when there is sufficient interest) and the possibilities of study in Spain and in Central or South America. An exchange program with the Universidad Autonoma de Madrid provides a special opportunity for advanced students.

Disciplinary B.A. Programs

MINOR in Hispanic Studies is 24 credits earned as follows:

18	from Spanish 1100, 2100, 3101, 3111
3	from Spanish 1801, 1811, 2301
3	from Spanish literature at the 3000/4000

MAJOR in Hispanic Studies is 60 credits earned as follows:

18	from Spanish 1100, 2100, 3101, 3111
6	from Spanish 1801, 1811, 2301
18	from Spanish literature at the 3000/4000 level
18	from complementary courses in Arts and Letters (which may include additional courses in Hispanic Studies) Humanities, and Social Sciences, chosen in consultation with the Program Advisor

Note: A major in Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures (French, German, Spanish and Japanese), is also available.

SPANISH COURSES

Note: The listing of a course in the calendar is not a guarantee that the course is offered every year.

SPAN 1100 (6CR)
INTRODUCTORY SPANISH
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
Elements of grammar, pronunciation and practice, (including language laboratory), reading of prescribed texts. This is an intensive course designed for students who have no previous knowledge of Spanish. Three class periods per week, plus a fourth hour to be arranged after classes have begun.

SPAN 1801 (3CR)
SPAIN: A MOSAIC OF CULTURES, ONE NATION
Format: lecture 3 hours
Exclusion: SPAN 2001
Note: Language of instruction is English
This course is an introduction to the history, culture and art of Spain. It will focus on a number of specific eras which were important to the evolution of Spanish identity: the Muslim world, the conquest of America and the Golden Age, the 1898 War, the Spanish Civil War, and the contemporary era. The course intends to show that historical events which occurred in Spain continue to have international repercussions and affect us as a global society today. The evolution of the Spanish nation across the centuries will be explored using various resources including cinema, literature, documents, popular culture and music.

SPAN 1811 (3CR)
LATIN AMERICA IN ITS OWN VOICES
Format: lecture 3 hours
Exclusion: SPAN 2011
Note: Language of instruction is English
An introduction to Latin-American cultures through selected literacy texts, films, and other readings, in their historical and social contexts.

SPAN 2100 (6CR)
INTERMEDIATE SPANISH
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
Prereq: SPAN 1100; or permission of the Department
Intermediate grammar, oral practice, (including language laboratory), reading of prescribed texts. Introduction to Hispanic literature and civilization. This course is intended to consolidate and develop language skills acquired in first year Spanish. Three class periods per week, plus a fourth hour to be arranged after classes have begun.

SPAN 2301 (3CR)
LATINO LITERATURE OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 1100 or equivalent; or permission of the Department
Note: Language of instruction is English
This course surveys the works of writers of Hispanic origin, including U.S. - and Canadian-born authors of Hispanic ancestry and immigrants from Spanish-speaking countries. It includes representative works of poetry, narrative prose, and dramatic literature, studied in a socio-historical context, with readings on 'border culture' and other critical writings on transculturation, displacement, and linguistic identity.

SPAN 3101 (3CR)
ADVANCED SPANISH I
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
Prereq: SPAN 2100; or permission of the Department
This course includes intensive conversation, composition and translation. Applied grammar will be included, as will exposure to Hispanic cultures through audiovisual resources (film, print journalism and computer-based sources).Three class periods per week, plus a fourth hour to be arranged after classes have begun.

SPAN 3111 (3CR)
ADVANCED SPANISH II
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 3101; or permission of the Department
A continuation of the Advanced Spanish Language course, primarily through literary texts from Spain and Latin America. This course includes intensive practice in writing, translation, and oral expression, and offers an introduction to Hispanic Literatures that is a prerequisite (or, with permission from the Department, a co-requisite) for all Hispanic Studies courses numbered 3200 and higher.

SPAN 3201 (3CR)
MEDIEVAL SPANISH LITERATURE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 3101 and 3111; or permission of the Department
A study of the rise and evolution of Spanish literature against its historical background through the reading and discussion of literary works of all types from the 11th to the 15th centuries. This course will be conducted in Spanish.

SPAN 3211 (3CR)
SPANISH LITERATURE OF THE GOLDEN AGE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 3101 and 3111; or permission of the Department
A study of the literature of Spain of the 16th and 17th centuries. Particular attention will be given to poetry, theatre and the novel. This course will be conducted in Spanish.

SPAN 3221 (3CR)
NINETEENTH-CENTURY SPANISH LITERATURE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 3101 and 3111; or permission of the Department
A study of the poetry and theatre of the Romantic period and of the novel of the second half of the century. This course will be conducted in Spanish.

SPAN 3231 (3CR)
TWENTIETH-CENTURY SPANISH LITERATURE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 3101 and 3111; or permission of the Department
A study of selected poetry, novels and plays of this century beginning with the "Generacion de 1898". This course will be conducted in Spanish.

SPAN 3301 (3CR)
SHORT PROSE OF LATIN AMERICA
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 3101 and 3111; or permission of the Department
A survey of the short story and the essay, concentrating primarily on the Twentieth Century. Readings from some of the principal essayists and short story writers. This course will be conducted in Spanish.

SPAN 3311 (3CR)
THE SPANISH-AMERICAN NOVEL
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 3101 and 3111; or permission of the Department
A study of 19th and 20th Century novels and of the principal themes and forms of the genre. This course will be conducted in Spanish.

SPAN 3321 (3CR)
SPANISH-AMERICAN THEATRE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 3101 and 3111; or permission of the Department
A survey of the theatre of Latin America, through a study of key examples of its dramatic literature and historical trends. This course will be conducted in Spanish.

SPAN 3331 (3CR)
SPANISH-AMERICAN POETRY
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: SPAN 3101 and 3111; or permission of the Department
A survey of the poetry of Latin America, concentrating on the modern (20th Century) period. This course will be conducted in Spanish.

SPAN 4800/4801 (6/3CR)
SPECIAL TOPICS IN HISPANIC LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: At least six credits in 3000 level Literature courses offered in Spanish; or permission of the Department
This seminar course provides students with an opportunity to pursue in-depth study of a specific area of Hispanic Language or Literature.

SPAN 4950/4951 (6/3CR)
A PROGRAM OF INDEPENDENT STUDY
Format: independent study
Prereq: Permission of the Department
Study of a well-defined subject carried out on a tutorial basis. The syllabus will be planned at the end of the student's third year in consultation with the professor directing the work.

JAPANESE STUDIES

Interdisciplinary B.A. Program

INTERDISCIPLINARY MINOR in Japanese Studies is 24 credits earned as follows:

12	from Japanese 1000, 2000
12	from Economics 1000(or 1001 and 1011), 3501, 3531, Geography and Environment 3321, History/Political Science 3731, History 2700, Religious Studies 3101, 3891

Note: Transfer credits earned at Kwansei Gakuin University may be applied in fulfillment of this program with permission of the Program Advisor and an Academic Dean. Exchange students who have earned 60 or more credits in Japanese Studies may apply for approval of a specially approved Interdisciplinary Major in Japanese Studies in accordance with Calendar Regulation 7.2.12.

Note: A major in Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures (French, German, Spanish and Japanese), is also available.

JAPANESE COURSES

Note: The listing of a course in the calendar is not a guarantee that the course is offered every year.

JAPA 1000 (6CR)
INTRODUCTORY JAPANESE
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
An introduction to the main elements of the modern Japanese language. Emphasis is placed on learning the hiragana and katakana systems of writing and the essentials of grammar. In addition students will begin to learn the kanji character form. An increasing emphasis will be placed on communication in spoken and written Japanese. Three hours of class and one hour of language laboratory per week. Intended for students with no prior background in Japanese.

JAPA 2000 (6CR)
INTERMEDIATE JAPANESE
Format: lecture 3 hours, laboratory 1 hour
Prereq: JAPA 1000; or permission of the Department
A continuation of Japanese 1000 with particular attention directed to communications skills in both writing and speaking. Three hours of class and one hour of language laboratory per week.

LINGUISTICS

Like other inquiries which are central to human experience, language has long been the focus of intellectual examination. Speculation on the nature of language appears in the works of Plato, Aristotle and other Greek philosophers. Although a number of disciplines, from literary studies to computer science, share the study of language with linguistics, the focus of linguistics is the scientific study of language. Linguists are interested in how human language is organized in the human mind and in how the social structures of human communities shape language to their own purposes, reflecting themselves in language use.

LINGUISTICS COURSES

Note: The listing of a course in the calendar is not a guarantee that the course is offered every year.

LING 2001 (3CR)
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF LANGUAGE
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: None
A general-interest course intended to acquaint students in all fields with the structural, social and psychological forces that shape language, beginning with a consideration of the origins and nature of language and proceeding to an examination of languages as systems and the ways they structure meaning.

LING 3001 (3CR)
FUNDAMENTALS OF GENERAL LINGUISTICS.
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: Normally LING 2001 and a minimum of six credits in a language other than English are expected. However, students completing a Major or Honours in Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures will be admitted without LING 2001; or permission of the Department
This course on the nature and structure of language examines the physiology of speech, word formation, theoretical concepts of sentence generation, and the phonological and historical forces involved in language creation and language change. It is recommended for senior students in language and literary studies, and students interested in language pathology.

LING 3011 (3CR)
LANGUAGE AND SOCIETY
Format: lecture 3 hours
Prereq: LING 2001 and a minimum of six credits in a language other than English; or permission of the Department
This course is an introduction to issues and methods in the field of sociolinguistics, the study of the interaction between language and the structure and functioning of society. It includes topics in language variation, the contact of languages and bilingualism, and issues in second-language acquisition.

MODERN LANGUAGES, LITERATURES AND CULTURES

Interdisciplinary B.A. Program

INTERDISCIPLINARY MAJOR in Modern Languages, Literatures, and Cultures is 72 credits earned as follows:

A.	33 credits from one of French, German or Hispanic Studies, with a minimum of 15 from the 3/4000 levels, as follows:
	33	21 from French 1700, 2401, 2501, 2601, 3101 and 3111
		3 to 6 from French 1801, 1811, 2801, 2841, 3841
		6 to 9 from French literature 3201, 3301, 3401, 3411, 3501, 3511, 3601, 3611, 3621, 3711, 3741, 3771, 3801, 3811, 3821, 3841, 3851, 3861, 4951
or	33	18 from German 1000, 2000, 3000
		3 to 6 from German 2101, 2701, 2811
		9 to 12 from German literature 3101, 3111, 3211, 3221, 3231, 3301, 3311, 4030, 4040, 4950/51
or	33	18 from Spanish 1100, 2100, 3101, 3111
		3 to 6 from Spanish 1801, 1811, 2301
		9 to 12 from Hispanic literatures 3201, 3211, 3221, 3231, 3301, 3311, 3321, 3331, 4800/4801, 4950/51
B.	24 credits from a second of the three study areas listed above, as follows:
	24	18 from French 1700, 2401, 2501, 3101 and 3111
		6 from French 1801, 1811, 2601, 2801, 2841, 3201, 3301, 3401, 3411, 3501, 3511, 3601, 3611, 3621, 3711, 3741, 3771, 3801, 3811, 3821, 3841, 3851, 3861, 4951
or	24	18 from German 1000, 2000, 3000
		6 from German 2101, 2701, 2811, 3101, 3111, 3211, 3221, 3231, 3301, 3311, 4030, 4040, 4950/51
or	24	18 from Spanish 1100, 2100, 3101, 3111
		6 from Spanish 1801, 1811, 2301, 3201, 3211, 3221, 3231, 3301, 3311, 3321, 3331, 4800/4801, 4950/51
C.	12 credits from a third language, other than those previously selected, chosen from French, German, Spanish or Japanese, as follows:
	12	from French 1700, 2401, 2501
or	12	from German 1000, 2000
or	12	from Spanish 1100, 2100
or	12	from Japanese 1000, 2000
D.	3	from Linguistics 3001

Note: All literature and culture courses are to be chosen in consultation with the program advisor.

Note: Any student exempted from a language course must replace that course with a language course at a higher level, or if none is available, with a literature or culture course taught in the target language, chosen in consultation with the program advisor.

Note: Students choosing this major may not complete a minor in either the first or second languages of specialization; they may complete a minor in the third language of specialization.

HONOURS in Modern Languages, Literatures and Cultures is composed of 78 credits as follows:

A.	36 credits, including 18 credits from each of two of the following three Language groups, as follows:
	18	9 from French 2401, 2501, 2601; 9 from French 3101, 3111, 3151, 3161, 4001, 4011 (or equivalent/replacement language credits)
	18	from German 1000, 2000, 3000 (or equivalent/replacement language credits)
	18	from Spanish 1100, 2100, 3101 and 3111 (or equivalent/replacement language credits)
B.	24 credits from the literatures of the two specializations chosen above (12 credits from each of the two specializations)
	12	from French literature 3201, 3301, 3401, 3411, 3501, 3511, 3601, 3611, 3621, 3711, 3741, 3771, 3801, 3811, 3821, 3841, 3851, 3861, 4951 or French 3841
	12	from German literature 3101, 3111, 3211, 3221, 3231, 3301, 3311, 4030, 4040, 4950/51
	12	from Hispanic literatures 3201, 3211, 3221, 3231, 3301, 3311, 3321, 3331, 4800/4801, 4950/51
C.	9 credits from culture courses in the two specializations chosen above, (at least 3 credits from each of the two specializations), chosen from the following:
	3 to 6	from French 1801, 1811, 2801, 2841, 3841
	3 to 6	from German 2101, 2701, 2811
	3 to 6	from Spanish 1801, 1811, 2301
D.	3	from Linguistics 3001
E.	6	from MLLC 4990 (Honours Essay)

Note: Students completing this Honours program may not record a minor in either the first or second languages of specialization.

MODERN LANGUAGES, LITERATURES AND CULTURES COURSES

Note: The listing of a course in the calendar is not a guarantee that the course is offered every year.

MLLC 4990 (6CR)
HONOURS ESSAY
Format: independent study/thesis
Prereq: Permission of the Department
The subject and program of research will be established at the end of the third year and submitted to the Department for approval. The essay must show evidence of scholarly investigation.