Publications

Summary of Research Contribution since 2002:

A. Most significant published works

A-1 Laser-Muonium chemistry:
1. K. Ghandi, I. P. Clark, J. S. Lord and S. P. Cottrell (2007) Laser-muon spin spectroscopy in liquids—A technique to study the excited state chemistry of transients. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 9, 353-359. (This has been selected as the cover article)
This spectroscopic technique is novel, and has impacts in various applications including green chemistry, photochemistry and chemical reaction dynamics by studying kinetic isotope effects of reactions of Mu with laser pumped molecules.

A-2 Free radical chemistry in supercritical carbon dioxide:
2. P. Cormier, D. J. Arseneau, J. C. Brodovitch, J.M. Lauzon, B.A. Taylor, K. Ghandi (2008) Free radical reaction of H atom and ethene in supercritical CO2. J. Phys. Chem. A., 112, 4593-4600.
1) This is the first ever and only detection of any reactive free radical by any technique in supercritical carbon dioxide. 2) The research proved that Mu reacts with alkenes in a broad range of thermodynamic conditions. 3) The research established the tuning potential of supercritical CO2 for the free radical reactivity.

A-3. Free radical chemistry in ionic liquids:
3. J. M. Lauzon, D. J. Arseneau, J. C. Brodovitch, J. Clyburne, P. Cormier, B. McCollum, K. Ghandi (2008) The formation of non-persistent free radicals in tetra-alkyl phosphonium ionic liquids. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2008, DOI:10.1039/B804800B.
We have made several contributions to understanding free radical reactions as well as intermolecular interactions and dynamics in ionic liquids. One is exemplified in the above article. In particular, we have demonstrated that the free radical formation is significantly enhanced in ionic liquids as compared to molecular solvents.
This led to our new studies on comparison of reaction kinetics of transient intermediates with different solutes in ionic liquids.

A-4 Muonium as a probe to investigate equilibrium under hydrothermal conditions:
4. K. Ghandi, B. Addison-Jones, J.C. Brodovitch, B. McCollum, I. McKenzie and P. W. Percival (2003) J. Amer. Chem. Soc.; 125, 9594-9596.
This paper exemplifies one of our rewarding contributions to the field of free radical chemistry in aqueous superheated solutions. Based on the result of this work, we have suggested that the keto-enol equilibrium varies to a great extent with temperature in a superheated aqueous solution of acetone. This work is best described by a referee’s comment:
“This paper reports on organic chemistry in superheated liquid water. It will be of interest to a diverse number of fields. The authors report on the detection and quantification of radical intermediates.

B. Other publications:

5. P. Cormier, B.A. Taylor, K. Ghandi (2008) Hyperfine Interactions of Muoniated Ethyl Radical in Supercritical CO2. Physica b, submitted.

6. B.A. Taylor, P. Cormier, J. M. Lauzon, K. Ghandi (2008) Investigating the solvent and temperature effects on the cyclohexadienyl radical in an ionic liquid. Physica b, submitted.

7. J. Dwan, D. Durant, K. Ghandi (2008) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Studies of the Trihexyl (Tetradecyl) Phosphonium Chloride Ionic Liquid Mixtures with Water. C. Eur. J. Chem., 6, 1.  (Invited article)

8. M. D. Bridges, K. Ghandi, D. J. Arseneau, D. G. Fleming (2007) Hyperfine interactions and molecular motion of the Mu-Ethyl radical in faujasites: NaY, HY and USY. J. Phys. Chem. C., 111, 9779-9793.

9. P.W. Percival, J.-C. Brodovitch, K. Ghandi, B. McCollum and I. McKenzie (2007) H atom kinetics in superheated water studied by muon spin spectroscopy. Radiation chemistry and physics, 76, 1231–1235.

10. K. Ghandi, I. P. Clark and J. S. Lord (2007) Laying the foundation for a muon-laser spectroscopy. CLFA Report, 5, 141-145.

11. K. Ghandi, S.P. Cottrell, D. G. Fleming and C. Johnson (2006) The first report of a muoniated free radical formed from reaction of Mu with Br2. Physica b, 374, 303-306.

12. K. Ghandi, F. E. Zahariev and Y. A. Wang, (2005) Theoretical studies of alkyl radicals in zeolites. J. Phys. Chem. A., 109, 7242-7251.

13. J. H. Brewer, K. Ghandi, A. M. Froese and B. A. Fryer (2005) Measurement of hyperfine transition rate in muonic sodium. Phys. Rev. C, 71, 058501-058503.

14. J. H. Brewer, A.M. Froese, B.A. Fryer, K. Ghandi (2005) Relativistic shifts of bound negative muon precession frequencies. Phys. Rev. A. 72, 022504- 022506.

15. C. Johnson, S.P. Cottrell, K. Ghandi and D. G. Fleming (2005) Muonium and muon molecular ions in inert gases studied by mSR. J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 38, 119-134.

16. K. Ghandi, D. J. Arseneau, M. D. Bridges, D. G. Fleming, (2004). Muonium formation as a probe of radiation chemistry in supercritical CO2. J. Phys. Chem. A; 52, 11613 - 11625.

17. J. C. Brodovitch, B. Addison-Jones, K. Ghandi, I. McKenzie, P. W. Percival and J. Schüth. (2003) Free radicals formed by H(Mu) addition to fluoranthene. Can. J. Chem.; 81; 1-6.

18. I. McKenzie, K. Ghandi, S. Kecman and P. W. Percival. (2003) Formation and spectroscopy of alpha-muoniated radicals. Physica B; 326; 76-80.

19. I. McKenzie, B. Addison-Jones, J. C. Brodovitch, K. Ghandi, S. Kecman, P. W. Percival. (2002) Detection of the muoniated methyl radical. J. Phys. Chem. A; 106; 7083-7085.

20. K. Ghandi and P. W. Percival (2003) Prediction of rate constants for reactions of the hydroxyl radical in water at high temperatures and pressures. J. Phys. Chem. A; 107; 3005-3009.

21. K. Ghandi, B. Addison-Jones, J.-C. Brodovitch, S. Kecman, I. McKenzie and P. W. Percival (2003). Muonium kinetics in sub- and supercritical water. Physica B; 326; 76-80.

22. K. Ghandi, J. Brodvitch, B. Addison-Jones, I. McKenzie, P. W. Percival and J. Schüth (2002) Near diffusion-controlled reactions of muonium in supercritical water. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.; 4; 586-595.

C. Selected conferences and seminars (out of 50 from 2002):

K. Ghandi, Unconventional spectroscopic methods to study Radiation chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Faculty of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tokyo, July 2008 (invited lecture).

K. Ghandi, I. P. Clark, J. S. Lord, Measurement of muonium reactions with laser-pumped molecules, 11th International Conference on mSR, Tsukaba, Japan, July, 2008.

A. Dunlap-Smith, K. Ghandi, Tuning chemistry in Ionic Liquid Crystals, the Sixth Congress of the International Society for Theoretical Chemical Physics (ISTCP-VI), Vancouver, July 2008. (1st prize poster)

B. Taylor, P. Cormier, J. M. Lauzon, K. Ghandi, Investigating the temperature and solvent effects on the cyclohexadienyl radical in an ionic liquid, 11th International Conference on mSR, Tsukaba, Japan, July, 2008. (1st prize poster)

K. Greenway, P. Cormier, C. Muir, R. Robski, K. Ghandi, Investigation of the reaction between Mu and Acetone in Trihexyl (Tetradecyl) Phosphonium Chloride Ionic Liquid, 11th International Conference on mSR, Tsukaba, Japan, July, 2008.

C. Alcorn, M. Cuperlovic, K. Ghandi, Experimental and computational NMR studies of Choline derivatives, Atlantic Omics Symposium, Moncton, Canada, August 2008.

K. Ghandi, Free Radical and Radiation chemistry in green solvent, 91th CSC National Conference, Edmonton, Al, May 2008.

K. Ghandi, R. Hawks, B. Taylor, Students as researchers, Crystal Colloquium, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, May 2008.

K. Ghandi, Working with Undergraduate Research Assistants, Challenges and Rewards, Mount Allison University, May 2008 (invited talk).

K. Ghandi, Studies of H atom and free radical reactions using unconventional spectroscopic methods, ACS Conference, New Orleans, April 2008.

K. Ghandi, Studies of H atom, radiation chemistry and free radical reactions with muon spin spectroscopic methods, Saint Marry University, Nov. 2007 (invited lecture).

A. Gordon, N. Halcovitch, K. Ghandi, Investigations of Propylene Oxide in Tetrabutylphosphomium Chloride, 32 Annual APICS/CIC chemistry conference, Wolfville, NS, 17-19 May 2007.

J. M. Lauzon, K. Ghandi, Green Chemistry and Green Reagents Studied by Muons, 32 Annual APICS/CIC chemistry conference, Wolfville, NS, 17-19 May 2007.

 P. Cormier, K. Ghandi, Free radical Chemistry with Hydrogen isotopes in Supercritical CO2, 32 Annual APICS/CIC chemistry conference, Wolfville, NS, 17-19 May 2007.

K. Ghandi, From antimatters to anticancer agents, general public presentation at Moncton Library, 8 May 2007 (invited lecture).

J.M. Lauzon, C. Muir, and K. Ghandi, Theoretical Studies of Free Radicals from Reactions of H Isotopes with Molecules Containing C=P and P=O in Comparison to Molecules Containing C=C and C=O. A Comparison in Ionic and Molecular Liquids, 89th CSC National Conference, Halifax, NS, 2006 (1st prize Undergraduate Theoretical/Physical poster in Canada).

R. Hawks and K. Ghandi, Students as Researchers, Crystal Colloquium; May 2007.

C.E. Muir, J.M. Lauzon, K. Ghandi, Reactions of an H AtomIisotope with 1, 3, 5-tri-tert-butyl benzene and 2, 4, 6-tri-tert-butyl-1, 3, 5-phosphinine, 31st Annual APICS/CIC chemistry Conference, 17-19 May 2006 (1st prize undergraduate theoretical/physical poster)

J. A. C. Clyburne, K. Ghandi, Generation and reactivity of radicals in molecular and ionic solvents: Implications for well-known mechanisms, Abstracts of Papers, 232nd ACS National Meeting, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2006.

Trivett, and K. Ghandi, the YEC experiment: Science from hand to head to hearts, APICS FALL COUNCIL MEETING, 2006.

K. Ghandi, Muonium reaction with alkanes in the gas phase studied by RF-mSR, 10th International Conference on -mSR, Oxford, UK, August 12, 2005 (invited lecture).

K. Ghandi, Current state and future prospects of Muonium chemistry in the excited states and laser-μSR spectroscopy, a trip from condensed phase towards the gas phase, Pulsed Techniques Workshop at 10th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation Relaxation and Resonance, Oxford, UK, August 13, 2005 (invited lecture).

K. Ghandi, Using accelerators to unravel chemistry at the microscopic level, Department of Chemistry, Kings College University, London, UK, May 6, 2005 (invited lecture).

K. Ghandi, Studies of chemistry in sub- and supercritical fluids by using muon spin spectroscopy, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada, Oct 6, 2005

K. Ghandi, How does an anti-matter reveal the transient structures and dynamics in matter?, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Canada, Physical chemistry seminar series, Feb 4, 2005 (invited lecture).

K. Ghandi, Novel Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Chemistry in Supercritical Fluids, Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Canada, October 25, 2004 (invited lecture).

K. Ghandi, Reaction rates determined by RF-mSR, RF collaboration project meeting, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, U.K., September 2004 (invited talk).

K. Ghandi, Muonium laser chemistry: some experimental results, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, U.K., September 2004 (invited talk).

K. Ghandi, Muonium chemistry: its past, present and future, TRUMF, Canada, April 2004 (invited talk).

K. Ghandi, mSR a nuclear probe to study chemistry in novel systems, American Chemical Society meeting, Anaheim, U.S.A, March 2004 (invited talk)

K. Ghandi, Extending muonium chemistry to the realm of excited states, Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, U.K., March 2003 (invited talk).

K. Ghandi, New directions in muonium chemistry, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, U.K., March 2003 (invited talk).

K. Ghandi, Establishing studies of green chemistry at TRIUMF, The first step towards understanding free radical chemistry in sub- and supercritical carbon dioxide, Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, Canada, December 2002 (invited talk).

K. Ghandi. Muonium in sub- and supercritical water, 9th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation Relaxation and Resonance, Virginia, U.S.A., June 2002 (invited talk).

K. Ghandi. Radical chemistry in unusual surroundings, Department of chemistry, University of British Columbia, March 2002 (invited talk).

D. Publication of monographs, book chapters and books

Free Radical and Radiation Chemistry in Green Solvents, Ionic Liquids, and Supercritical Fluids (invited to write for John Wiley), in preparation